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Chemical Coordination and Regulation (Endocrine System)
How the hormones of the thyroid gland influence...
How the hormones of the thyroid gland influence the metabolic rate?
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General metabolism
: The thyroid hormones increase the metabolic rate of the body by increasing glucose oxidation and energy production called
calorigenic effect.
It maintains the
basic metabolic rate (BMR)
, i.e. the
rate of oxygen consumption
of the body at rest.
Carbohydrate metabolism:
Thyroxine stimulates
Absorption of glucose
by the intestine.
Utilization or consumption of glucose
by the cells.
Glycogenolysis
in the liver and muscles.
Gluconeogenesis:
Production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
Protein metabolism:
Thyroxine increases protein synthesis.
Lipid metabolism:
Thyroxine increases synthesis as well as breakdown of lipids.
Mineral metabolism:
Thyroxine increases loss of calcium in the urine.
Heart rate:
Thyroxine accelerates heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac-output.
Respiration:
Thyroxine increases the rate and depth of respiration.
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