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Mendel’s choice of the pea plant (Pisum sativum) proved very satisfactory for his experiments:

The advantages are as follows:

  1. Self fertilization normally occurs in the plant giving it relatively homogenous genetic characteristics.
  2. Self pollination is equivalent to mating an individual with one exactly like itself.
  3. The structure of the flower is such, that contamination by wind-blown or insect-borne foreign pollen is rare.
  4. The pea plant provides several pairs of contracting traits for study.
  5. It also provides a large number of progeny in a short period of time. This gives a large sample for statistical analysis.
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