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Factors that causes the seed dormancy?
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Plant Physiology
Photomorphogenesis
Factors that causes the seed dormancy?
What are the factors that causes the seed dormancy?
Or
Mechanisms that maintain seed dormancy.
seed dormancy
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The main factors that causes the seed dormancy are:
Seed coats impermeable to water
: The seed of certain family have very hard seed coats which are impermeable to water. This dormancy remains until the testa layer decay by soil
microorganisms
. The impermeable seed coats are found in the family
leguminosae, Malvaceae, convolvulaceae.
Seed coat impermeable to oxygen
: This type of dormancy is because of the
impermeability of the seed coats to oxygen
. But later seeds become more permeable to oxygen so that it germinates afterwards. This type of dormancy in found in the
family compositae.
Mechanically resistant seed coat
: In certain
seeds of weeds have hard seed coats
that prevent the expansion of embryo.
Immaturity of the embryo:
In the seeds of plants like
the Orchids, Ginkgo
etc. The immaturity of the embryo is due to the
failure of the embryo to develop
when the seeds are shed.
Due to the effect of germination inhibitors
: The inhibition caused due to the presence of the
inhibitor substances in the seed coat, endosperm, embryo or any structure
. Some of the important germination inhibitors are;
Coumarin, Phythalids, Ferulic acid, Abscisic acid, Dehydracetic acid and parasorbic acid.
Low temperature:
In certain plants the seeds
remain dormant after harvest because they require low temperature for germination.
The seeds germinate in the spring season.
Light sensitive seeds:
In certain seed the germination is affected by the light so the absence of light results in the seed dormancy. These seeds which are
sensitive to sunlight
are termed as the
photoblastic seeds
, where as in some other seeds the light inhibits the seed germination so they are
negatively photoblastic.
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